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Geethopadesam
Essence of Bhagavat Gita -
chapter 1 - How many verses are there in chapter 1 and what is the Essence of ?
Sri Alavandar (Yamunacharya) has written what exactly you are asking for in his Githartha Sangraham text. The book contains saram of Gita as a whole and sadgam wise and chapter wise saram. I have reproduced the 5th sloka from Githartha Sangraha
THE ESSENCE OF THE FIRST CHAPTER: PAASURAM 2
உஹவை அடைந்த உறவுடையார் பேரரளுற்ற அந்நாள்
தஹவுடன் அன்பு கரை புரள தருமத்து அளவில்
மிக உளம் அஞ்சி விழுந்து அடி சேர்ந்த விசயனுக்கோர்
நஹையுடன் உண்மை உரைக்க அமைந்தனன் நாரணனே
uhavai adaintha uRavudayAr poraluRRa annAL
tahavudan anbu karai puraLa dharumatthu aLavil
miha uLam anji vizhunthu adi sErntha VisayanukkOr
nahayudan uNmai uraikka amainthanan NaaraNanE
(MEANING):
Arjuna saw the dear relatives like BheeshmA, AchAryAs like DhrOnA assembled opposite him to engage in battle with him. ArjunA's love and dayA for them overflowed although they had no fitness for that display of affection. As a result, Arjuna concluded that the righteous war with them befitting his status as a Kshathriyan was adharmam (unrighteous). He was overcome with weakness. He threw down his bow and arrows and sat down with dejection at the foot of his chariot. Next, Arjuna appealed to Lord, his charioteer to show him the right way. With smile on His face, Lord PaarthasArathy commenced His upadEsam for ArjunA on the Svaroopams of JeevAthma, ParamAthmA, the means to reach ParamAthmA and related esoteric meanings of VedAnthA. Lord's upadEsam was like nectar for Arjuna and easy to understand.
Swamy AlavanthAr's summary of the First chapter takes this form:
ASwanSnehkaé{yxmaRxm›ixya==k…lm! ,
Paaw¡ àpÚmuiÎZy zaôavtr[< k«tm! . 5 .
-- Swamy AlavanthAr's 5th slOkam of Sri GeethaarTa Sangraham
(EXTENDED MEANING):
Human being has to have the guNams of Dyaaa, love for others. But, they should not be present at inappropriate times. For Arjuna, the affection and mercy for his enemies assembled at the battlefield after the conches were blown to commence the war. He got confused and agitated. He thought the just war was unrighteous for him as a Kshathriyan. Arjuna performed SaraNAgathy to Lord KrishNa to remove his doubts. Thus Arjuna became the Lord's sishya. The most merciful PaarthasArathy used as excuse the upadEsam to Arjuna for banishing the sorrows of the world and created Bhagavath Geetha from His own sacred lips.
BACKGROUND FOR GEETHOPADESAM
Arjuna arrived at the battlefield with the Lord as his charioteer. He directed the Lord to position the chariot in the middle of the armies assembled to battle each other so that he can see all those assembled to fight him and his side. Lord obliged and positioned the chariot in such a place so that Arjuna can have a good look.
As Arjuna looked on and saw his relatives, AchAryAs and other kinsmen eager to engage in the battle with him, his limbs got weakened, his mouth became dry and he began to tremble. His mind began to reel over the thought of killing his kinsmen, AchAryAs and others dear to him in the ensuing battle. He told the Lord, His Charioteer that such a battle is not worth fighting. He threw down his bow and arrows and sat down on the chariot as though he was ready to fast to death.
Arjuna was overwhelmed by compassion for those that did not merit it (asTAna KaaruNayam). He got confused about what is dharmam and what is adharmam and was taken over by sorrow (dharmAdharama dhiyA aakulam). His mind swirled in the high wind of grief over the prospect of killing his AchAryAs, former friends and kinsmen. Arjuna declared now that he will not fight them (Na yOthsyAmi) as a result of the unbearable sorrow over the expected loss of those dear to him (“HanishyamANAn bhavadheeyAn vilOkya
bhandhu snEhEna paramayA cha krupayA dharmAdharma bhayEna cha athimAthrasvinna sarvagAtra: sarvaTA aham na yOthsyAmi ithi ukthvA --sasaram chApam visrujya raTOpasTE upAvisath” in AchArya RaamAnujA's commentary).
chapter 1 - How many verses are there in chapter 1 and what is the Essence of ?
Sri Alavandar (Yamunacharya) has written what exactly you are asking for in his Githartha Sangraham text. The book contains saram of Gita as a whole and sadgam wise and chapter wise saram. I have reproduced the 5th sloka from Githartha Sangraha
THE ESSENCE OF THE FIRST CHAPTER: PAASURAM 2
உஹவை அடைந்த உறவுடையார் பேரரளுற்ற அந்நாள்
தஹவுடன் அன்பு கரை புரள தருமத்து அளவில்
மிக உளம் அஞ்சி விழுந்து அடி சேர்ந்த விசயனுக்கோர்
நஹையுடன் உண்மை உரைக்க அமைந்தனன் நாரணனே
uhavai adaintha uRavudayAr poraluRRa annAL
tahavudan anbu karai puraLa dharumatthu aLavil
miha uLam anji vizhunthu adi sErntha VisayanukkOr
nahayudan uNmai uraikka amainthanan NaaraNanE
(MEANING):
Arjuna saw the dear relatives like BheeshmA, AchAryAs like DhrOnA assembled opposite him to engage in battle with him. ArjunA's love and dayA for them overflowed although they had no fitness for that display of affection. As a result, Arjuna concluded that the righteous war with them befitting his status as a Kshathriyan was adharmam (unrighteous). He was overcome with weakness. He threw down his bow and arrows and sat down with dejection at the foot of his chariot. Next, Arjuna appealed to Lord, his charioteer to show him the right way. With smile on His face, Lord PaarthasArathy commenced His upadEsam for ArjunA on the Svaroopams of JeevAthma, ParamAthmA, the means to reach ParamAthmA and related esoteric meanings of VedAnthA. Lord's upadEsam was like nectar for Arjuna and easy to understand.
Swamy AlavanthAr's summary of the First chapter takes this form:
ASwanSnehkaé{yxmaRxm›ixya==k…lm! ,
Paaw¡ àpÚmuiÎZy zaôavtr[< k«tm! . 5 .
-- Swamy AlavanthAr's 5th slOkam of Sri GeethaarTa Sangraham
(EXTENDED MEANING):
Human being has to have the guNams of Dyaaa, love for others. But, they should not be present at inappropriate times. For Arjuna, the affection and mercy for his enemies assembled at the battlefield after the conches were blown to commence the war. He got confused and agitated. He thought the just war was unrighteous for him as a Kshathriyan. Arjuna performed SaraNAgathy to Lord KrishNa to remove his doubts. Thus Arjuna became the Lord's sishya. The most merciful PaarthasArathy used as excuse the upadEsam to Arjuna for banishing the sorrows of the world and created Bhagavath Geetha from His own sacred lips.
BACKGROUND FOR GEETHOPADESAM
Arjuna arrived at the battlefield with the Lord as his charioteer. He directed the Lord to position the chariot in the middle of the armies assembled to battle each other so that he can see all those assembled to fight him and his side. Lord obliged and positioned the chariot in such a place so that Arjuna can have a good look.
As Arjuna looked on and saw his relatives, AchAryAs and other kinsmen eager to engage in the battle with him, his limbs got weakened, his mouth became dry and he began to tremble. His mind began to reel over the thought of killing his kinsmen, AchAryAs and others dear to him in the ensuing battle. He told the Lord, His Charioteer that such a battle is not worth fighting. He threw down his bow and arrows and sat down on the chariot as though he was ready to fast to death.
Arjuna was overwhelmed by compassion for those that did not merit it (asTAna KaaruNayam). He got confused about what is dharmam and what is adharmam and was taken over by sorrow (dharmAdharama dhiyA aakulam). His mind swirled in the high wind of grief over the prospect of killing his AchAryAs, former friends and kinsmen. Arjuna declared now that he will not fight them (Na yOthsyAmi) as a result of the unbearable sorrow over the expected loss of those dear to him (“HanishyamANAn bhavadheeyAn vilOkya
bhandhu snEhEna paramayA cha krupayA dharmAdharma bhayEna cha athimAthrasvinna sarvagAtra: sarvaTA aham na yOthsyAmi ithi ukthvA --sasaram chApam visrujya raTOpasTE upAvisath” in AchArya RaamAnujA's commentary).
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